Vitamin D levels in patients with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by several cardiovascular risk factors, such as insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus, obesity, abdominal fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Objective To find an association between plasma 25-cholecalciferol (vitamin D) level and the MS. Patients and methods A case–control study was conducted on 48 patients with MS who were compared with 48 age-matched and sex-matched healthy individuals (without MS). Results Although there was a significant increase in all parameters of MS in patient group over the control group, there was no statistically significant difference between them in vitamin D levels (P≥0.090). In both studied groups, there was no statistically significant correlation between vitamin D level and BMI (P≥0.299), waist circumference (P≥0.208), blood pressure (systolic P≥0.257 and diastolic P≥0.081), fasting blood sugar (P≥0.227), and serum triglycerides (P≥0.438). We found an inverse correlation between vitamin D and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P≤0.001) in both groups. Only patients with MS showed an inverse correlation between vitamin D and lipid accumulation product (P≤0.001). Conclusion Although vitamin D level is not correlated with all MS parameters; it is negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and lipid accumulation product, which is considered an accurate index for MS.