Vitamin D Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Inborn Errors of Metabolism Requiring Specialised Diets.

Abstract

To evaluate vitamin D levels and bone mineral density in patients with dietary limitations due to inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) and its correlation with diets. Retrospective study. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition, Gazi University Hospital, Turkey, from March to Semtember 2016. The study is a retrospective review of 115 patients. Information about vitamin D status, bone mineral density (BMD) measurement and anthropometric parametres were collected. Patients were divided into two major groups, receiving protein-restricted diets (n=83) and lactose-restricted diets (n=32). Data of 110 healthy children were used as the control group. Mean vitamin D level of patients with special diets 28.1 ±14.9 ng/ml while mean level of healthy controls was 26.6 ±12.27 ng/ml. Levels of 26.8% (n=26/97) patients were found to be deficient and 34% (n=33/97) were found to be insufficient. No statistically significant differences were found between vitamin D levels and BMD of patients and healthy controls. BMD was not influenced by vitamin D levels. Low BMD may be encountered in IEM, independent of vitamin D levels and revision of diet for adequacy of essential nutrients; and follow-up for dietary compliance is inevitable.