Abstract
Background: A relationship among vitamin D and pulmonary tuberculosis. Objective: To conclude the occurrence of Vitamin D insufficiency in subjects suffering from pulmonary TB. Design: This was a cross sectional study. Setting: Current study was performed at department of medicine, Peoples Medical College Hospital Nawabshah starting from January 2017 to December 2017. Samples: 385 AFB positive subjects of pulmonary tuberculosis after achieving the criteria of selection were recruited. Material and Methods: After a brief discussion, the patients were characterized for variable evaluation such as age, gender, sputum AFB and duration of disease and presence of low vitamin D levels. Sputum AFB criterion was used for Data collection. Fasting blood samples were collected for analysis of vitamin D levels in all subjects of AFB positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: In 385 diagnosed patients with smear positive PTB, 273 (70.9%) males and 112 (29.1%) were female. Vitamin D levels were within normal or sufficient range in 134 (34.8%), below normal range in 251 (65.2%) cases (insufficient in 09.56% (24/251) and deficient in 90.43% (227/251) cases). Conclusion: Decreased levels of vitamin D were common in subjects with AFB smear Positive PTB cases.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important community health issue worldwide
Fasting blood samples were collected for analysis of vitamin D levels in all subjects of acid-fast bacillus (AFB) positive pulmonary tuberculosis
The bioactive form of vitamin D3 binds with receptors of vitamin D (VDR), activation of VDR signaling and induction of mitochondrial response series leads to autophagy, fusion of phagolysosome, cathelicidin release and activation, and intracellular death of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis bacilli [4] [6] [7]
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important community health issue worldwide. In 2011 it was assessed that about 8.7 million new cases of tuberculosis were reported and about 1.4 million deaths was related to this disease [1]. Low levels of vitamin D were noted in subjects with Tuberculosis in comparison to controls. Vitamin D deficiency had been related with higher risk of Tuberculosis, increased risk of developing active tuberculosis in subjects with latent tuberculosis infection had been noted [3]. In a meta-analysis on relationship among vitamin D deficiency and tuberculosis, increased risk of active tuberculosis was observed in subjects with decreased levels of this vitamin [5]. Samples: 385 AFB positive subjects of pulmonary tuberculosis after achieving the criteria of selection were recruited. Fasting blood samples were collected for analysis of vitamin D levels in all subjects of AFB positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion: Decreased levels of vitamin D were common in subjects with AFB smear Positive PTB cases
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