Abstract
The study was conducted to comprehensively assess the association of the concentration of vitamin D in the blood and insulin resistance in non-diabetic subjects. The objective was to pool the results from all observational studies from the beginning of 1980 to August 2021. PubMed, Medline and Embase were systematically searched for the observational studies. Filters were used for more focused results. A total of 2248 articles were found after raw search which were narrowed down to 32 articles by the systematic selection of related articles. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMAIR) was used as the measure of insulin resistance and correlation coefficient was used as a measure of the relationship between vitamin D levels and the insulin resistance. Risk of bias tables and summary plots were built using Revman software version 5.3 while Comprehensive meta-analysis version 3 was used for the construction of forest plot. The results showed an inverse association between the status of vitamin D and insulin resistance (r = −0.217; 95% CI = −0.161 to −0.272; p = 0.000). A supplement of vitamin D can help reduce the risk of insulin resistance; however further studies, like randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the results.
Highlights
Nutrients 2021, 13, 4358. https://A secosteroid hormone, vitamin D has a variety of pathologic and physiologic functions in the human body
Hypovitaminosis D is involved in the production of inflammatory cytokines, and an increase in inflammatory cytokines can be the cause of insulin resistance and eventually type 2 diabetes (T2D)
It was evident from the subgroup analysis that this correlation was intensely dependent on the BMI as it gets stronger with increasing BMI from lower BMI quartile to higher
Summary
Nutrients 2021, 13, 4358. https://A secosteroid hormone, vitamin D has a variety of pathologic and physiologic functions in the human body. In addition to its function in the bone metabolism because of its involvement in the phosphate and calcium absorption [1], this vitamin is recently understood to have relationship with the prevention of the diseases, e.g., insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular disease [2,3,4]. The insulin resistance is related with obesity, hormonal disorders and overnutrition [5,6]. An imbalance in the secretion of insulin or its action can cause metabolic disorders like hyperglycemia and disturbed regulation of lipoproteins, triglycerides and fatty acids. These irregulations can further complicate insulin homeostasis. The anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D may have a role in the improvement of insulin sensitivity in patients with relatively higher BMI [8,9]
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