Abstract
IntroductionThe aim was to study the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and the clinical characteristics of patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD).MethodsWe studied a cross-section from the baseline visit of the CARMA project (CARdiovascular in rheuMAtology), a 10-year prospective study evaluating the risk of cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients, and non-CIRD patients who attended rheumatology outpatient clinics from 67 hospitals in Spain. Non-CIRD group was frequency matched by age with the joint distribution of the three CIRD groups included in the study. 25(OH)D deficiency was defined if 25(OH)D vitamin levels were < 20 ng/ml.Results2.234 patients (775 RA, 738 AS and 721 PsA) and 677 non-CIRD subjects were assessed. The median (p25-p75) 25(OH)D levels were: 20.4 (14.4-29.2) ng/ml in RA, 20.9 (13.1-29.0) in AS, 20.0 (14.0-28.8) in PsA, and 24.8 (18.4-32.6) ng/ml in non-CIRD patients. We detected 25(OH)D deficiency in 40.5 % RA, 39.7 % AS, 40.9 % PsA and 26.7 % non-CIRD controls (p < 0.001). A statistically significant positive association between RA and 25(OH)D deficiency was found (adjusted (adj.) OR = 1.46; 95 % CI = 1.09-1.96); p = 0.012. This positive association did not reach statistical significance for AS (adj. OR 1.23; 95 % CI = 0.85-1.80) and PsA (adj. OR 1.32; 95 % CI = 0.94-1.84). When the parameters of disease activity, severity or functional impairment were assessed, a marginally significant association between 25(OH)D deficiency and ACPA positivity in RA patients (adj. OR = 1.45; 95 % CI = 0.99-2.12; p = 0.056), and between 25(OH)D deficiency and BASFI in AS patients (adj. OR = 1.08; 95 % CI = 0.99-1.17); p = 0.07) was also found.ConclusionsPatients with RA show an increased risk of having 25(OH)D deficiency compared to non-CIRD controls.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0704-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
The aim was to study the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and the clinical characteristics of patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD)
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) show an increased risk of having 25(OH)D deficiency compared to non-CIRD controls
The frequency of obesity was higher among psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients, whereas it was lower among controls, despite being the group that included more sedentary individuals (p
Summary
The aim was to study the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and the clinical characteristics of patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD). 25(OH)D levels in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD) were focused on patients with RA [9, 13,14,15, 17,18,19,20]. Fewer studies have analyzed the presence of 25(OH)D deficiency in other CIRD such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) [21,22,23,24]. The aim of this study was to assess 25(OH)D levels in a cohort of Spanish patients with CIRD that included patients with RA, AS, PsA and non-CIRD, who were attending rheumatology outpatient clinics, and to determine the potential relationship between 25(OH)D levels and clinical characteristics of every disease included in the group of patients with CIRD
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