Vitamin D and hypertension: Prospective study and meta-analysis.

Dan Qi,Xiao-lu Nie,Jun Cai,Shouling Wu,Andrzej T. Slominski

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0174298

Abstract

ObjectivesThe study sought to determine the link between vitamin D concentrations and incident hypertension in prospective study and meta-analysis.MethodsThe study was embedded in the Kailuan Study, a population-based cohort of adults that contains underground miners. In 2012, we studied 2,456 men and women free of prevalent hypertension, age 21 to 67 at baseline. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured from previously frozen baseline samples using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoadSorbent Assay). We use the logistic regression analysis to estimate the odd radio (ORs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with incident hypertension. To help place our new data in context, we conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis of previous prospective reports of vitamin D and hypertension.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 2 years, 42.6% of the cohort (n = 1047) developed hypertension. Compared with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D >30ng/ml, 25-hydroxyvitamin D <20 ng/ml was associated with a greater hypertension risk (OR: 1.225 [95% CI: 1.010 to 1.485] p = 0.04), although the association was attenuated and not statistically significant after adjusting for potential confounders (OR: 1.092 [95% CI: 0.866 to 1.377] p = 0.456). This meta-analysis included seven prospective studies for 53,375 participants using adjusted HR founded a significant association between vitamin D deficiencies and incident hypertension (HRs = 1.235 (95% CI: 1.083 to 1.409, p = 0.002)).ConclusionLower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were not associated with a greater risk of incident hypertension. More research is needed to further determine the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in hypertension prevention and therapy.

Highlights

Resent studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem[1,2,3]
Compared with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D >30ng/ml, 25-hydroxyvitamin D
This meta-analysis included seven prospective studies for 53,375 participants using adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) founded a significant association between vitamin D deficiencies and incident hypertension (HRs = 1.235)

Summary

Introduction

Resent studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem[1,2,3]. There has been considerable interest in the potential relevance of vitamin D concentrations to human incident hypertension. Accumulating evidence suggests that vitamin D level is inversely related to blood pressure and risk of hypertension in observational studies in the Western populations [5,6,7]. Two health professional cohorts reported an inverse relation between plasma vitamin D and risk of hypertension [10,11], while other population-based studies did not find relation between plasma vitamin D and change of blood pressure or risk of future hypertension[7,12]. A community- based cohort study of 1816 Chinese participants in the Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort Study in Taiwan suggested no association between 25(OH)D and the risk of incident hypertension[13]

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Conclusion