Vitamin C concentration in intracellular free radical oxidation–reduction reactions and chemical shift—Potential for the quantitative analysis of ATP in a mitochondrion

Abstract

Abstract Background Phosphorylation in the cell nucleus is closely associated with cell death during the cell-division cycle. Since the discovery that the phosphorylation process is inhibited by radiation exposure, it has been believed that radiation exposure causes disorder in the electron transfer system. It is believed that vitamin C activates the electron transfer system. Vitamin C has been confirmed to kill cancer cells in vitro. However, the amount of vitamin C necessary to kill cancer cells in vivo is not known, because vitamin C is needed by normal cells, and it is difficult to determine its concentration since doing so requires determination of the circulating blood volume, extracellular fluid volume, intracellular fluid volume, osmotic pressure, etc. In addition, while thermotherapy has potential in combination with radiation therapy or chemotherapy, further quantitative analysis is necessary. Methods and results In thought experiments, if a fundamental particle collides with (or is scattered by) nucleons or photons, the electrical attraction produced by protons and electrons is 1.07 × 10 −15 kg. However, this value will vary, because it depends on the energy of light. There also remains the problem of the unit. Conclusion It is believed that the chemical shift can be used to integrate physical and chemical study through the study of cyclotrons and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The origin of this result is that the mass and charge of the photon are zero. This means that when composite particles are obtained or lost, the energy produced by collisions of the photons with a receiver can be taken as a signal. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can be used to embody this concept in a molecule. The relationship between time and the ATP concentration becomes increasingly important in considering this question. Furthermore, when ATP is considered in this way, a problem arises with energy accounting, as well as with the concentration of vitamin C. A significant proposal resulting from this concept is that chemical shifts can be used in clinical practice. It is believed that the magnitude of the ATP signal detected by electron microscopy can be combined with the electrical quantitative analysis obtained by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) when it is calculated as an approximation of the coupling constant of protons and electrons.