Abstract
The combination of building energy management technology and technology of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has a significant potential for reducing energy consumption and, hence, CO2 emissions. However, numerous studies have indicated barriers preventing market growth. These challenges are mainly attributed to characteristics of the ecosystem of the building energy management systems (BEMS) industry. Thisstudy aimed to identify the major challenges hindering the deployment of BEMS in combination with Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies and to derive policies conducive to the achievement of the effective BEMS industry ecosystem. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) survey was conducted on key players in the ecosystem to achieve this. The main elements of the ecosystem, economic, institutional, technology, and social system that earned weight, followed a decreasing trend in this order. Among the sub-elements, the payback period, upfront cost, electricity pricing scheme, energy consumption/CO2 emission reduction, and government support system ranked first to fifth places, respectively. This result can be used to determine the element in need of priority allocation of resources while establishing an effective BEMS. However, the priority depends on the development stage at which the industry is at, and other elements should not be overlooked.
Highlights
This study aimed to identify major challenges hindering the deployment of building energy management systems (BEMS)
This difference corresponds to the role of each stakeholder group in the BEMS industry ecosystem
This shows that academics believe that the elements constituting the ecosystem must be balanced to promote the BEMS market
Summary
Numerous studies have focused on experiments exploring the feasibility of optimized models for BEMS These models were applied to different scope-building-specific [13], a common platform integrating multiple vendors’ locked-in systems [14], and city-specific, with public open data sources [15], which demonstrated energy efficiency performance in different settings of optimization and proposed conditions for better performance. Orland et al [16] conducted an experiment in an office setting using a model and real-time energy feedback This model focused on user education and behavioral changes and yielded a significant energy-saving performance. Barriers hindering the deployment of smart energy management technology have been identified, with respect to policy and regulatory, economic, social, and technical aspects. Barriers include nonfunctional [17] or inadequate institutions [18], lack of financial incentives and mismatching market mechanisms [19], legal system and administrative issues [20], lack of political and Energies 2021, 14, 2559 external financial support [21], lack of flexible energy tariffs and support incentives [22], inadequate tax policies [23], deficiencies in public policy and regulation [24], lack of policies promoting market opportunities [25], mandatory and incentive policies [25,26,27], traditional restrictive regulations [28,29], and restricted access to finance [27]
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