Abstract
The study of motor adaptation certainly has advanced greatly through the years and helped to shed light on the mechanisms of motor learning. Most paradigms used to study adaptation employ a discrete approach, where people adapt in successive attempts. Continuous tasks on the other hand, while known to possess different characteristics than discrete ones, have received little attention regarding the study motor adaptation. In this paper, we test for adaptation using a continuous circle tracing task with a visuomotor gain perturbation. To examine the feasibility of this task, 45 normal subjects divided into 3 groups were tested for adaptation, aftereffects, and generalization. All subjects exhibited a gradual adaptation when faced with a perturbation as well as opposite aftereffects once the perturbation was removed. Aftereffects tended to persist unless veridical feedback was given. The task generalized well both in size and in space. We believe that this task, by being continuous, could allow for a thorough investigation of visuomotor adaptation to gain perturbations in particular, and perhaps be expanded to other types of adaptations as well, especially when used alongside discrete tasks.
Highlights
The study of motor adaptation certainly has advanced greatly through the years and helped to shed light on the mechanisms of motor learning
The study of motor adaptation commonly employs the use of discrete tasks, operating on a trial-to-trial basis, evaluating the trial-by-trial learning or cumulative learning over successive trials
We examined motor adaptation to a visuomotor gain perturbation using a continuous task of circle tracing
Summary
The study of motor adaptation certainly has advanced greatly through the years and helped to shed light on the mechanisms of motor learning. The study of motor adaptation commonly employs the use of discrete tasks (e.g., reaching), operating on a trial-to-trial basis, evaluating the trial-by-trial learning or cumulative learning over successive trials This approach is inherently long and may require hundreds of trials (e.g.7), it was suggested that even a few trials may produce long-term retention in some cases[8,9]. Subjects will eventually adapt in noisy environments and conditions, these uncertainties are likely to generate compensatory responses that are not a manifest of adaptation per se This is evidenced in force field perturbation paradigms where people use impedance control against uncertain perturbation[18,19,20]. On the other hand, testing more directions will reduce use-dependent learning[24] and increase the number of trials
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