Visualizing the Vague: Invisible Computers in Contemporary Design

Abstract

Introduction Design is a powerful tool in getting us to accept new ideas and things. In the past, this tool has been used to introduce new products and technologies as safe, familiar, and even invisible. But design also can be used in a critical or subversive way that challenges the prevailing norm. Because product design often operates within tight economic parameters, there have been few opportunities for designers to use their skills for critical projects. During the last decade, the concept that computers should be “invisible” has influenced much IT development and research. But technology as such, and computers in particular, are too problematic to be hidden away. Instead of hiding computer technology, we should use the power of design to visualize and express the complex issues it raises. This paper will outline the background behind the concept of an “invisible computer,” as well as present some historical references in connection with the introduction of new technology. The idea of hiding something problematic will be discussed, drawing on ideas from psychology, design theory, and sociology. The idea of double invisibility from feminist theory also will be used as a tool to criticize invisible computers and to point out other available options.