Visualizing the Spectrum: B-scan Ultrasonography Across Diverse Ocular Abnormalities: A Pictorial Review

Abstract

B-scan ultrasonography (USG) is a simple, non-invasive tool for diagnosing lesions of the posterior segment of the eye. Ocular conditions that hinder fundoscopy such as cataract, lens dislocation/ subluxation, vitreous degeneration, vitreous haemorrhage, retinal detachment, ocular trauma, ocular tumours such as metastasis, choroidal melanoma can be accurately evaluated with this modality. In addition to being cost effective, it is non-invasive, easily available, produces high resolution images and its results are reproducible. An understanding of the basic anatomy of the eye, the US technique, and common pathological entities affecting the eye will allow radiologists to readily diagnose these entities and thus guide the referring ophthalmologist in choosing the treatment. This article focuses on the common ocular pathologic conditions that affect the eye particularly the posterior ocular segment and their pictorial representation in B scan ultrasonography.