Abstract
At the dawn of Quantum Physics, Wigner and Weisskopf obtained a full analytical description (a photon portrait) of the emission of a single photon by a two-level system, using the basis of frequency modes (Weisskopf and Wigner, "Zeitschrift für Physik", 63, 1930). A direct experimental reconstruction of this portrait demands an accurate measurement of a time resolved fluorescence spectrum, with high sensitivity to the off-resonant frequencies and ultrafast dynamics describing the photon creation. In this work we demonstrate such an experimental technique in a superconducting waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics (wQED) platform, using single transmon qubit and two coupled transmon qubits as quantum emitters. In both scenarios, the photon portraits agree quantitatively with the predictions of the input-output theory and qualitatively with Wigner-Weisskopf theory. We believe that our technique allows not only for interesting visualization of fundamental principles, but may serve as a tool, e.g. to realize multi-dimensional spectroscopy in waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics.
Highlights
The process of a photon emission in free space has been described originally by Wigner and Weisskopf [1]
In the following we describe how Fk (t) can be experimentally measured with a state-of-art superconducting waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics platform, using multi-mode frequency and time-domain resolved spectroscopy
In our setup we are using an amplifier known as Josephson Parametric Converter (JPC)[21]
Summary
The process of a photon emission in free space has been described originally by Wigner and Weisskopf [1]. This simple approximation, which can be found in nearly any quantum optics textbook, yields an expression for a joined atom-field wave function during the process of emission. |ψ(t) = e−t(γ/2−iωq) |e, 0 + |g fk (t) |1k (1) k fk (t) =. The outgoing photon is shaped by the lightmatter coupling gk , the qubit frequency ωq and the qubit spontaneous emission rate γ. After the emission process is over and the qubit is in its ground state |g , the field is in the state:.
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