Abstract
Abstract IL-15 plays a multifaceted role in immune system homeostasis. To visualize IL-15 expression we created a transgenic mouse expressing emerald-GFP (EmGFP) under IL-15 promoter control. EmGFP expression was prevalent in dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages, but differed depending on DC subtype. Basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells expressed high EmGFP levels. Unexpectedly, NK cells and splenic γδ T cells also expressed EmGFP. Rapid upregulation of EmGFP after virus infection was dependent on both plasmacytoid DC and type I interferon, albeit to differing degrees. Microscopy revealed basal EmGFP expression by DC in lymphoid tissues that was greatly enhanced after virus infection. These results identified IL-15 as an innate cytokine, produced by multiple cell types during the early immune response to inflammation.
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