Abstract
Workability is regarded as one of the important parameters of high-performance concrete and monitoring it is essential in concrete quality management at construction sites. The conventional workability test methods are basically based on length and time measured by a ruler and a stopwatch and, as such, inevitably involves human error. In this paper, we propose a 4D slump test method based on digital measurement and data processing as a novel concrete workability test. After acquiring the dynamically changing 3D surface of fresh concrete using a 3D depth sensor during the slump flow test, the stream images are processed with the proposed 4D slump processing algorithm and the results are compressed into a single 4D slump image. This image basically represents the dynamically spreading cross-section of fresh concrete along the time axis. From the 4D slump image, it is possible to determine the slump flow diameter, slump flow time, and slump height at any location simultaneously. The proposed 4D slump test will be able to activate research related to concrete flow simulation and concrete rheology by providing spatiotemporal measurement data of concrete flow.
Highlights
Monitoring the workability of freshly mixed concrete is necessary to ensure that the concrete is properly placed during construction and that adequately hardened strength is achieved after construction [1]
Kinectanwas utilizedand to acquire during thethe slump test
This is a compressed image of the slump flow test showing the dynamically spreading diameter of concrete slump flow
Summary
Monitoring the workability of freshly mixed concrete is necessary to ensure that the concrete is properly placed during construction and that adequately hardened strength is achieved after construction [1]. Both are related to structural integrity, safety, and construction productivity. For the safe and easy construction of high-quality concrete structures, it is necessary to use fresh concrete with proper workability Workability such as flowability, viscosity, yield stress, and resistance to material separation required at construction sites depends on the type of target structure, the spacing of reinforcements, dimensions, cross-sectional shape, construction method, and concrete pumping distance [2]. In the field of innovative concrete 3D printing technology in the construction area, workability control will be critical to ensure consistent material properties and structural performance [8,9,10]
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