Abstract
Ocimum gratissimum L. (clove basil) is an annual herb of the Lamiaceae family, widely cultivated as a plant used in cooking and medicine worldwide. There is no information on the visual symptoms of the effects of greater or lesser water irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on the leaves of this species. There is no information on the visual symptoms of the effects of greater or lesser water irrigation and nitrogen fertilization (N) on the leaves of this species. The effects of different water application rates, 60% (I60), 70% (I70), 80% (I80), 90% (I90), 100% (I100) and 110% (I110) of field capacity (FC), and nitrogen fertilization, 0 (N0), 40 (N2), 80 (N4) and 160 (N8) kg of nitrogen/ha, on the leaves of this species were studied. The experiment was carried out for 60 days in a greenhouse in a completely randomised design with three replicates. Water stress was determinant for the appearance of leaves with wilted and stains. Symptoms of necrosis, apical necrosis, abscission and chlorosis were correlated only with N stress. This study suggests that the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum present better acclimatization with irrigation above the field capacity associated with high dose of N (I110N8) and that satisfactorily support the reduction of up to 70% FC with the use of 40 kg of N/ha in their production without presenting any visual symptoms.
Highlights
Agricultural research and development over the past 50 years has focused primarily on increasing productivity through increased use of inputs, resulting in environmental costs such as water and soil pollution
We evaluated an additional treatment with 110% field capacity (FC) (I110) and 8.0 g of N per pot, which corresponds to 160 kg of N/ha (N8)
The water stress was determinant for the appearance of wilted and stained leaves in Ocimum gratissimum (p < 0.05), showing no statistical relevance for the symptoms of necrosis, apical necrosis, abscision and chlorosis (p ≥ 0.05) (Figure 2)
Summary
Agricultural research and development over the past 50 years has focused primarily on increasing productivity through increased use of inputs, resulting in environmental costs such as water and soil pollution. This has led to the pursuit of the development of sustainable production practices to meet the growing demand of quality, locally produced, regionally specialized and with minimal use of chemical inputs in production to reduce environmental impact (Stefanelli, Goodwin, & Jones, 2010). Nitrogen fertilization must be carried out in a judicious way due to the various forms of losses of this nutrient (erosion, leaching and volatilization), which can cause, mainly, water pollution, which makes it jas.ccsenet.org
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