Abstract
The operation of an internal combustion engine in a transient state is related to constant changes in cylinder filling degree. Managing a steady course of engine torque demands constant corrections in the volume of air delivered to the engine. In this work, different engine throttle management strategies were analyzed. The effect of throttle velocity on emissions was depicted. The research has shown that the greatest value of work density is reached by the IC engine for relatively low values of throttle angle. For shown values, disturbances in air flow in engine intake which may adversely affect emissions due to uneven cylinder filling were researched with the use of Digital Particle Image Velocimetry. The conducted research has shown significant unevennes in air supply to individual cylinders in the engine. This effect may cause discrepancies in air excess ratio for each cylinder, and result in heightened harmful substance emission.
Highlights
The way in which IC engine cylinders are filled with fresh air-fuel mixture load determines its power, allowing to control its value, and significantly affects the course of the combustion process
The electronic throttle executed commands from the ECU, which correct engine operation parameters on the basis of information supplied by a range of sensors
Basing on the analysis of methods used for research of multi-phase flow phenomena, it was deduced that it is possible to experimentally investigate the flow in the intake manifold with the use of the Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) method (Fig. 5) [2, 5]
Summary
The way in which IC engine cylinders are filled with fresh air-fuel mixture load determines its power, allowing to control its value, and significantly affects the course of the combustion process. An ideal state for such an engine is a situation in which all four cylinders are supplied with the same amount of air-fuel mixture, allowing each of them to reach identical operating parameters. Despite the correct value of the average airfuel ratio, a situation in which some of the cylinders operate on a lean air-fuel mixture, while the other ones operate on a rich air-fuel mixture, can occur. Such a situation negatively affects engine operation and its substance emissions. The design has to allow the utilization of separate pressure sensor for each cylinder, which will allow to introduce absolute correction in fuel dosage
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