Visual motion detection in patients with absent vestibular function

Abstract

Labyrinthine defective subjects (LDS) experience oscillopsia during head movements due to the absence of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The purpose of this study was to compare horizontal and vertical visual motion detection in LDS during (i) body-stationary and (ii) horizontal whole-body oscillation conditions. Twelve LDS and controls detected the onset of drift direction of a grating that moved with accelerating velocity. Thresholds were raised in the patient group in both conditions. The loss of the VOR per se cannot explain raised thresholds in the body-stationary condition nor during whole-body (horizontal) oscillation with vertical grating motion. Findings indicate changes in visual processing that make LDS less sensitive to visual motion. It is postulated that these changes are due to adaptive mechanisms involved to reduce oscillopsia.