Visual Field Testing in the Management of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

Abstract

Background: Sequential visual field testing is an extremely helpful adjunct to ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography in the management of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis with the antiviral agents ganciclovir or foscarnet in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The authors studied the visual field defects found in a series of 110 patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis. Methods: Ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed on all patients. Visual field analysis was performed with either tangent screen, Goldmann kinetic, or Humphrey automated static perimetry. Results: Of 166 eyes in 110 patients with CMV retinitis, visual field defects were present initially in 92 (55%) eyes of 78 (70%) patients, and ultimately in 97 (53%) eyes of 90 patients in whom follow-up was available. Stabilization of visual field defects was indicative of controlled retinitis. Conclusion: Sequential visual field testing will confirm ophthalmoscopic evidence of successful antiviral treatment of CMV retinitis and will corroborate very early progression of previously controlled retinitis.