Abstract
Within most of the 17 plane symmetry groups, individual symmetry operations act in multiple, nonequivalent ways. This, and the fact that many groups can be realized on the basis of different unit cells and generating regions, poses difficulties for visual discrimination and identification. Because of inherent confounds, only few of the groups can be studied by traditional experimental methodology. The use of an oddity paradigm and specific tiling patterns that camouflage groups in complex textures are recommended as partial remedy to this impasse. In order to prepare readers for an appreciation of the aforementioned issues and to provide a rationale for their investigation, the reporting of experiments and the discussion of methodological problems is preceded by a brief overview of the role which symmetry has played in the visual arts.
Highlights
Within most of the 17 plane symmetry groups, individual symmetry operations act in multiple, nonequivalent ways
Effects concerning individual symmetry groups were tested via z-transformed binomial coefficients [47]
The reported experimental findings suggest that, in extended textures, rotational symmetries are easier to detect than mirror or glide reflections
Summary
Within most of the 17 plane symmetry groups, individual symmetry operations act in multiple, nonequivalent ways. Symmetry seems ubiquitous in nature as well as in human artifacts [1] It has played an important role in the visual arts. Since no relevant documents have ever been found, it seems that craftsmen realized their ideas without any mathematical theory [6]. Alberti used a highly symmetric model case, but he related symmetry to tilings. This connection was certainly noted before, as testified by the existence of olden, non-square pavements [5,11].
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