Vision in the Global Evaluation of Older Individuals Hospitalized Following a Fall

Abstract

The objective of this study was to verify if vision is appropriately evaluated in older individuals admitted to a Geriatric Assessment Unit following a fall. A retrospective clinical chart review of 158 patients from 3 university-based Geriatric Assessment Units is presented. The clinical charts of patients admitted following a fall in the Geriatric Assessment Units of 3 Montreal hospitals, between April 2006 and 2008, were reviewed. Clinical charts from age- and sex-matched controls hospitalized in the Geriatric Assessment Units during the same period but without a history of fall or fracture, were also reviewed. Pertinent sociodemographic, medical, and visual characteristics were extracted from the charts and entered into a database for analysis. The mean age ± standard deviation for the cases (n = 79) and controls (n = 79) were 82.3 ± 6.2 years and 81.7 ± 6.4 years, respectively. Most falls were not a result of accidents, but rather were more often related to underlying medical problems that were multifactorial in origin. More cases than controls were taking antiarrhythmic and antidepressant medications, whereas more controls were taking calcium channel blockers. Cases were more likely to have cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and decreased visual acuity. Although cases were referred more often than controls for an eye examination, they were not referred in a systematic fashion. Our results indicate that more visual problems are identified in persons who fall and, even if they are referred more often than controls for an eye examination, their vision is not evaluated systematically by an eye care specialist despite current clinical recommendations. These data indicate that eye care professionals should work more closely with the medical team to improve the overall clinical care of older individuals with a history of falls.