Visible-Light-Driven External-Reductant-Free Cross-Electrophile Couplings of Tetraalkyl Ammonium Salts.

Abstract

Cross-electrophile couplings between two electrophiles are powerful and economic methods to generate C-C bonds in the presence of stoichiometric external reductants. Herein, we report a novel strategy to realize the first external-reductant-free cross-electrophile coupling via visible-light photoredox catalysis. A variety of tetraalkyl ammonium salts, bearing primary, secondary, and tertiary C-N bonds, undergo selective couplings with aldehydes/ketone and CO2. Notably, the in situ generated byproduct, trimethylamine, is efficiently utilized as the electron donor. Moreover, this protocol exhibits mild reaction conditions, low catalyst loading, broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and facile scalability. Mechanistic studies indicate that benzyl radicals and anions might be generated as the key intermediates via photocatalysis, providing a new direction for cross-electrophile couplings.