Abstract
We report the first demonstration of a compact all-fiber visible-wavelength laser directly emitting cylindrical vector or vortex beams. The visible all-fiber cavity is constructed by a few-mode Pr/Yb-codoped ZBLAN fiber pumped by a 850 nm laser diode, a 634.6 nm few-mode fiber Bragg grating, and a visible-wavelength fiber mirror. Direct oscillation of high-order modes (LP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> modes) at 634.6 nm wavelength is achieved using core-shifted fiber coupling method. The visible cylindrical vector beams with the radially or azimuthally polarized state can be observed. Furthermore, by adjusting the rotation of the intracavity polarization controller appropriately, two orthogonal modes (i.e., LP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">even</sup> and LP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">odd</sup> ) can introduce a π/2 phase difference, and the 634.6 nm vortex beams with ±1-order orbital angular momentum modes are also obtained.
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