Visible Portion of Anterior Teeth at Rest and Analysis of Different Smile Characteristics in the Saudi Population of the Jeddah Region.

Mohamed Abdelmageed Awad,Aljawharah Talal Alghamdi,Doaa Saleh Alghamdi,Zohaib Khurshid

doi:10.1155/2020/8859376

Mohamed Abdelmageed Awad, Aljawharah Talal Alghamdi + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8859376

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Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 157 participants (77 males and 80 females) were included in this study with an age range of 19 to 69 years. All participants had maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth without restorations. Crown length and visible portions of anterior teeth at rest were measured using a Fowler Electronic Digital Caliper. Three measurements of each variable were recorded by two independent dental interns and calibrating their measurements was performed. Smile line, smile arc, and number of teeth displayed during smiling were examined. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. It was found that the average clinical crown lengths in the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular central incisor, and canine were significantly higher in males than females. At rest position, females displayed more maxillary central and lateral incisors. The displayed length of maxillary teeth at rest is inversely proportional to increasing age; the reverse occurs in mandibular teeth. The common visibility of maxillary teeth during smiling was from the second bicuspid to its counterpart. Average smile line and consonant smile arc were the most common characteristics. It was concluded that both age and gender affect the characteristics of tooth display at rest and in smiling. These effects should be considered during treatment planning and restoration of anterior teeth to obtain a more predictable esthetic outcome.

Highlights

Academic Editor: Zohaib Khurshid is cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
It was found that the average clinical crown lengths in the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular central incisor, and canine were significantly higher in males than females
Understanding the variables that may have an effect on the smile, such as age and gender, is quite important to reduce their effect on the final appearance [8]. e smile line is a curve passing from the tip of one canine to the tip of the other through the maxillary incisal margin of the anterior teeth [9]. e smile line is low if half the maxillary anterior teeth show in smiling and average when 1-2 mm of gingiva is displayed with the teeth, while it is considered high if a large part of the gingiva is displayed with the teeth [10]

Summary

Introduction

Academic Editor: Zohaib Khurshid is cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. E displayed length of maxillary teeth at rest is inversely proportional to increasing age; the reverse occurs in mandibular teeth. E length and curvature of the lips significantly influence tooth display at rest and during functioning. E extent of incisal tooth display at rest is an important esthetic factor in evaluating the outcome of fixed and removable prosthodontic procedures [1]. E smile line is a curve passing from the tip of one canine to the tip of the other through the maxillary incisal margin of the anterior teeth [9]. The smile arc is the relationship between the incisal edge of the maxillary anterior teeth and the superior border of the lower lip [11]. A nonconsonant smile arc is characterized by the maxillary incisal curvature being flatter than that of the lower lip or reversed; this is called a flat or reversed smile arc. e smile arc tends to be flat or reversed with worn dentition, a perception associated with old age [12]

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