Abstract
The present research focuses on investigating the relationship between spectral and chemical characteristics of water samples in Darrehzar mine. In order to reach this aim, the chemical characteristics of water were measured through pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Furthermore, the visible near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectra of water samples were measured by Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) FieldSpec3 spectroradiometer and the relationships between spectral and chemical characteristics of water samples were calculated. Results of the pH and EC measurements showed that water with high acidity and EC values, which indicate the presence of acid drainage, was located inside the mine. High concentrations of copper, sulfur and iron in the samples could be related to copper mineralization and association with acid mine drainage. Results of spectroscopy revealed that second absorption feature (AF2) magnitude correlated significantly with pH (-0.599), EC (0.611) (p < 0.1) and total trace elements plus sulfur (0.822) (p < 0.05). The significant correlation of the AF2 magnitude with concentrations of S (0.854), Pb (0.914), Ni (0.836), Mn (0.834), Co (0.848) and AF3 with the concentration of Fe (0.886) confirms that absorption feature magnitude increases with increasing metals concentrations in water.
Highlights
Water is a strongly reactive material which can dissolve elements and objects when it moves through porous media
In the present study, the chemical properties of water in Darrehzar mine, such as trace elements plus sulfur concentrations, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) as well as spectral features of water samples, were measured in order to investigate the relationship between the spectral characteristics in the visible-infrared portion and the chemical composition of the water
Results of the pH and EC measurements showed that water with low pH, high EC and high concentrations of trace elements and S was located inside the mine and water with high pH, low EC and low concentrations of the elements was situated in the influx and discharging parts of the mine
Summary
Water is a strongly reactive material which can dissolve elements and objects when it moves through porous media. Spectral studies have been carried out for determination of the relationship between water absorption features with temperature and salinity of water as well as heavy metal levels in minerals and vegetation, the influence of heavy metals and pH in the spectral properties of water in mining areas has not been investigated yet. In the present study, the chemical properties of water in Darrehzar mine, such as trace elements plus sulfur concentrations, pH and EC as well as spectral features of water samples, were measured in order to investigate the relationship between the spectral characteristics in the visible-infrared portion and the chemical composition of the water. Three main fault systems have been recognized with an E-W (pre-mineralization fault), a NW-SE (mineralized fault) and a N-S striking (post-mineralization fault) in the Darrehzar deposit (GSI ; Ranjbar et al ; Nateghi & Hezarkhani ; Hosseinjani Zadeh et al )
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