Viscous dissipation and Joule heating in MHD Marangoni boundary layer flow and radiation heat transfer of Cu–water nanofluid along particle shapes over an exponential temperature

Abstract

ABSTRACTParticle shape effect on two-dimensional steady magnetohydrodynamic Marangoni boundary layer flow and radiation heat transfer of an incompressible electrically conducting copper-water nanofluid driven by an exponential temperature is examined. By using suitable similarity transformations, governing partial differential equations are reduced into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Transformed boundary layer equations are solved numerically by using Galerkin finite element method. Effects of relevant physical parameters such as solid volume fraction, magnetic parameter, radiation parameter, Eckert number and empirical shape factor in velocity and temperature distributions are presented graphically and discussed in detail. Impacts of controlling parameters on local Nusselt number are also investigated and presented numerically. Results indicate that fluid flow declines as values of solid volume fraction and magnetic parameter enhance. Further, it is found that an increase in controlling parameters intensify fluid temperature as well as rate of heat transfer.