Viscous coalescence of expanding low-viscosity drops; the dueling drops experiment

Abstract

A new experimental device was designed and developed for the systematic study of the interaction of two, very small low viscosity expanding drops that were pushed out of the ends of two aligned opposing capillaries into a polymeric liquid. The idea of this experiment is to mimic the interactions of two expanding bubbles during the formation of polymeric foams; for convenience, we call this device the dueling drops experiment. In the current setup, we are able to grow drops (50–200 μm maximum diameter) at a controlled flow rate (down to 0.1 μl/day). Optical observation of the pair of growing drops was achieved by the use of an optical zoom lens system for a side view, and a “long-range” microscope for a top view, thus ensuring complete alignment of the capillaries and partial observation of the thin-film. Measurements are reported for the drainage time between the apparent initial contact of the drops and film rupture. A simple scaling theory was developed based on the drainage of two approaching flat disk-like interfaces, the radius of which expands throughout the interaction as the volume of the drop increases.