Viscous and Joule Heating in the Stagnation Point Nanofluid Flow Through a Stretching Sheet With Homogenous–Heterogeneous Reactions and Nonlinear Convection

Abstract

The combined effects of viscous and Joule heating on the stagnation point flow of a nanofluid through a stretching/shrinking sheet in the presence of homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions are investigated. The nanoparticle volume fraction model is used to describe the nanofluid. In this study, the density temperature relation is nonlinear which causes a nonlinear convective heat transfer. The surface of the sheet is assumed to be convectively heated with a hot fluid. The governing nonlinear differential equations are solved using the successive linearization method (SLM), and the results are validated by comparison with numerical approximations obtained using the Matlab in-built boundary value problem solver bvp4c and with existing results in literature. The nanofluid problem finds applications in heat transfer devices where the density and temperature relations are complex and the viscosity of the fluid has significant effect on the heat transfer rate.