Abstract
In the oil industry, it is important to increase the mobility of hydrocarbon fluids (oil and/or gas) and decrease the mobility of water. Doing so results in an increase in oil production and a decrease in unwanted water production. Polymers have been widely used to increase water viscosity, causing a decrease in water mobility. Surfactants have been used to change reservoir wettability and to clean the rock surface. The use of surfactants changes the formation wettability from oil wet to water wet. This results in an increase in oil production from various water wet sandstone and carbonate formations. Low water salinity has also been used to enhance oil recovery. The mobility of the oil should be more than the mobility of the water to ensure maximum extraction efficiency. As a result, viscosity measurements are very important in determining the impact of a viscous fluid in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). We measured the viscosity of mixed fluids used in the oil industry such as brines of varying concentration (Sodium Chloride and Calcium Chloride solutions) and various polymer solutions at different temperatures.
Highlights
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR), known as tertiary recovery, is a process used to extract oil remaining in a reservoir after water flooding [1]
It was seen that the interfacial tension and interfacial viscosity are important factors when considering displacement pressure [4, 5]
It appears that Calcium Chloride results in a higher solution viscosity compared to Sodium Chloride
Summary
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR), known as tertiary recovery, is a process used to extract oil remaining in a reservoir after water flooding [1]. This can be done using mechanical methods or chemical methods, generally targeting particular permeability zones or viscosity issues. It should be noted that in some cases for polymers, the resulting in-reservoir fluid will become non-Newtonian due to resistance from polymer coil elongation [6] When this occurs, polymer solutions can greatly increase pressure losses at medium to high strain rates and require proper application [3]
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