Viscosity and Density of the Ternary Liquid System Acetone-Benzene-Ethylene Dichloride.

Abstract

Kinematic viscosities and densities have been measured experimentally in the liquid system acetone-benzene-ethylene dichloride. Viscosities were obtained between 25' and 55OC. and densities between 25' and 45' C. The data include the three binary systems associated with the ternary one. PROPERTIES of acetone, benzene, ethylene dichloride, and tbeir mixtures have been quite thoroughly studied. The following data are available in the literature: surface tensions of the pure liquid components at their normal boiling points (9, 18, 20); thermal conductivities of the pure liquid components at various temperatures (I 7) and of the acetone-benzene binary system (7); heat capacities of the pure components at various temperatures including both the vapor phase (12,16) and the liquid phase (12, 20); latent heats of vaporization of the pure components (12, 16, 20), of the acetone-benzene binary system (19), and of the benzene-ethylene dichloride binary system (22). In addition, there are vapor pressures of the pure components (6, 16); refractive indices of the binary and ternary liquid systems (5); viscosities of the pure vapor components (10); and vapor-liquid equilibria in the binary and ternary systems (3). The equilibrium data for the acetone-benzene system are corrected in reference (4). The pure components and their mixtures are easily handled, and modest temperatures are associated with operation at normal atmospheric pressure. In addition, lines of constant density and constant refractive index are almost perpendicular on triangular composition coordinates, so the ternary system is quite simple to analyze experimentally. The system acetone-benzene-ethylene dichloride is therefore, well suited for the study of transport phenomena, especially when vapor-liquid phase changes are of primary interest. Two important properties of the binary and ternary liquid mixtures must be established-namely, the viscosity and the density. The present work seeks to furnish firm values of these liquid-phase properties over a useful range of temperatures and the complete range of compositions. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Kinematic viscosities were measured by means of a modified Cannon-Fenske viscometer. An overflow reservoir, as described by Pospekhov (13), was used to provide a constant filling level. The viscometer was calibrated by fitting data obtained with distilled and deionized water to the correlation of Bingham (I). Constant temperatures were maintained by means of a Fisher bath with a mercury control capable of holding the bath within a variation of 0.03 C. Temperature measurements were made by means of an Eimer and Amend precision thermometer. Viscosities were measured at 25, 35, 45, and 55 C. Densities were determined by means of a 25-ml. pycnometer in association with an analytical balance and the previously mentioned constant temperature bath. The