Viscoplastic surges down an incline

Abstract

Asymptotic analyses and numerical computations are reported for surges of viscoplastic fluid down an incline with low inertia. The asymptotic theory applies for relatively shallow gravity currents. The computations use the volume-of-fluid method for tracking the interface; the constitutive law is dealt with by the augmented-Lagrangian method. The anatomy of the surge consists of an upstream region that converges to a uniform sheet flow, and over which a truly rigid plug sheaths the surge. The plug breaks further downstream due to the build up of the extensional stress acting upon it, leaving instead a weakly yielded superficial layer, or pseudo-plug. Finally, the surge ends in a steep flow front that lies beyond the validity of shallow asymptotics.