Viscoelastic or Viscoplastic Glucose Theory (VGT #78): A Sensitivity Analysis of the Baseline Selection for Normalized Fasting Plasma Glucose to Study Two Symptoms of Postprandial Plasma Glucose and Glucose Fluctuation Versus 3 Causes of FPG, Carbohydrates/Sugar Grams, and Post-Meal Walking Steps Based on GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine and the Utilization of the VGT Energy Tool (No. 668)

Abstract

The author has applied viscoelastic and viscoplastic theories (VGT) to conduct 77 different sets of studies regarding symptoms (strains ε) versus multiple causes (stresses σ) in the biomedical field beginning with paper No. 578 on 1/8/2022. In this article, he used 7,330 data of postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), glucose fluctuation (GF) along with their related data, such as fasting plasma glucose (FPG), carbohydrates/sugar intake amounts (carbs), and post-meal walking steps (steps). The collected data is from a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor device over 4 years from 5/8/2018 to 5/13/2022. He utilizes the following defined VGT equation from engineering and physics to address the “time-dependency characteristic” of biomedical symptoms and their causes to establish several stress-strain diagrams (i.e. cause-symptom diagrams) in a space domain (SD) via various hysteresis loops: strain = ε (PPG or GF) = individual GF value at the present time Stress = σ (based on the change rate of strain, PPG rate, or GF rate, multiplying with a chosen viscosity factor η, FPG, carbs, or steps) = η * (dε/dt) = η * (d-strain/d-time) = (viscosity factor η using individual FPG, carbs, or steps at present time) * (PPG or GF at present time - PPG or GF at a previous time) He defines GF as the maximum PPG minus the minimum PPG value. The 3 causes or 3 viscosity factors are further grouped into two different categories, where the first category is not used in this paper: