Abstract
Virus-like nanoparticles (VLPs) resemble structures of viruses that are devoid of the viral genome, which are widely exerted in vaccine designs, especially cancer vaccines. These particles can trigger both humoral and cellular immunity due to their particular nature and repetitive structure. The average diameter size of most VLPs is in the range of 20–200 nm, which provides easy draining into lymphatic vessels for stimulating the immune system without requiring any adjuvants. Many investigations focused on the task of designing vaccines based on VLPs to improve their efficacy for prophylactic and therapeutic applications throughout cancer treatments. In this review, we discussed the recent developments of VLPs based technology in regard to breast cancer.
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