VIRULENCE OF ISOLATED PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA INFECTING DUCKLING AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE WITH AN EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENT TRIAL

Abdou, M.S,Atef A.Salim,El Dakroury M.F

doi:10.21608/avmj.2021.188822

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present study was conducted in Kafrelsheikh governorate to isolate P.aeruginosa from 120 ducks, sampling from cloacal swab, internal organs and tracheal swab of freshly dead, healthy and diseased ducklings at different ages which showed depression, emaciation, ocular and or nasal discharges, diarrhea and sometimes enlargement of hock joint and had lesions of airsacculitis, congested liver, catarrhal enteritis and sometimes presence of gelatinous material in the hock joints with rate of isolation of 16.66% (20 samples were positive). Serological identification of suspected isolatesof P. aeruginosa showed that 16 isolates of polyvalent I group Iand 4 isolates of polyvalent II group J. Susceptibility of the isolatedP. aeruginosa for 11 antibiotics demonstrated that the highest resistance was noted against Erythromycin, Oxytetracycline, Ampicillin and Amoxicillin (95%). The highest sensitivity of P. aeruginosa was observed againstFlorphenicol(80%) and it used for treatment in experimental design and give good results.Multiplex PCR used to identify virulencerepresented bytoxA gene, lasI gene and oprL gene ofP. aeruginosa show that all isolates where positive for the 3 examined virulence genes and these indicate that all isolates were highly virulent strains and antibiotic resistance genesrepresented by qnrS gene, blaCTX gene and mexR gene ofP. aeruginosa showed that all isolates where positive for the 3 examined AB resistanceexept isolate No 4 were negative forblaCTX and these indicate that all isolates were highly AB resistanceexept isolate No 4 wasnot haveblaCTXresistance gene.Experimental infection was done to study the Pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa which isolated from diseased ducklings on newly hatched ducklings with dose of infection of 0.2ml of 1x107 cfu/ml s/c and use the potent antibiotic florphenicol for treatment of experimentally infected ducks. Our study proved that virulence genes owned by the P. aeruginosa confirming its pathogenicity for ducks, especially in the presence of oprL gene which plays a great role in antimicrobial resistance, so biosafety was recommended for hatcheries and farms, the hygiene, cleaning and disinfection will reduce P. aeruginosa spreading in the farms.

Highlights

Pseudomonas aeruginosa an opportunistic pathogen, decrease host defenses causeing infection of yolk sac and omphalitis resulting in deaths of young ducks and hatched ducks
Samples Collection according to (Middleton et al, 2005): A total of 120 samples were collected from diseased ducklings showing profuse diarrhea, respiratory manifestations, yellowish nasal secretion, ruffled feather and conjunctivitis and samples included liver, heart, yolk sac, cloacal swab and tracheal swabs were collected from many different farms in Kafrelsheikh governorate for isolation and identification of P. aeruginosa
From a total of 120 samples were collected from diseased and freshly dead ducklings, 20 samples were positive for P. aeruginosa with percentage of 16.66%

Summary

Introduction

Pseudomonas aeruginosa an opportunistic pathogen, decrease host defenses causeing infection of yolk sac and omphalitis resulting in deaths of young ducks and hatched ducks. Mortality begins from hatching and continue for 10-14 days or more, and the infection with P. aeruginosa is responsible for mortality and clinical signs including respiratory signs and septicaemia (Bapat et al 1985). P. aeruginosa causes problems in ducks as septicemia, respiratory manifestation, lameness, conjunctivitis and diarrhea. (Saif et al, 2008) Stated that the clinical signs include lameness; incoordination; swelling of head, and hock joint or footpads; diarrhea, and septicemia. (Barnes, 2003) mention that The affected ducks showed greenish watery diarrhea and paralytic signs with lameness in some birds and necropsy revealed echymotic and petechial haemorrhages on heart and liver, respectively 2019) isolated P. aeruginosa from trachea, heart, lung, liver and spleen of the affected ducks and it is gram-negative, aerobic gammaproteobacteria that can cause disease in animals and humans. P. aeruginosa is one of bacteria responsible for drug-resistant nosocomial infections.

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