Abstract
BackgroundResistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains are considered to be one of the major causes of human clinical infections in hospitals. The present investigation was done to study the pattern of antibiotic resistance and the prevalence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes amongst the S. epidermidis strains isolated from human hospital infections.MethodsOne hundred hospital infectious samples were collected and S. epidermidis strains were identified using culture and biochemical tests. Isolated strains were subjected to disk diffusion and PCR.ResultsForty-six out of 100 hospital infectious samples (46%) were positive for S. epidermidis. S. epidermidis strains harbored the highest prevalence of resistance against penicillin (95.65%), tetracycline (91.30%), erythromycin (82.60%), cefazolin (78.26%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (73.91%). All S. epidermidis strains had resistance against at least three different types of antibiotics, while the prevalence of resistance against more than seven types of antibiotics was 17.39%. AacA-D (69.56%), tetK (56.52%), mecA (45.65%), msrA (39.13%), and tetM (39.13%) were most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes. The prevalence of vatC (4.34%), ermA (8.69%), vatA (8.69%), vatB (13.04%), ermC (13.04%), and linA (10.86%) were lower than other detected antibiotic resistance genes. ClfA (32.60%), agrIII (17.39%), and etB (13.04%) were the most commonly detected virulence factors.ConclusionsThe presence of virulent and multi-drug resistance S. epidermidis strains showed an important public health issue in hospitals.
Highlights
Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains are considered to be one of the major causes of human clinical infections in hospitals
The present investigation was done to assess the antibiotic resistance properties and distribution of virulence genes amongst the S. epidermidis strains isolated from different types of hospital infectious samples
We found that aacA-D (69.56%), tetK (56.52%), mecA (45.65%), msrA (39.13%), and tetM (39.13%) were most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes amongst the S. epidermidis strains
Summary
Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains are considered to be one of the major causes of human clinical infections in hospitals. The present investigation was done to study the pattern of antibiotic resistance and the prevalence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes amongst the S. epidermidis strains isolated from human hospital infections. Hospital infections are considered as a major issue all around the world. It has been suggested that Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) is one of the most important species of this group. It is a Gram-positive, non-spore forming, nonmotile, facultative anaerobic, and catalase-positive and coagulasenegative bacterium responsible for different types of hospital and nosocomial infections. S. epidermidis results in approximately 13% of prosthetic valve endocarditis infections, with a high rate of intracardiac abscess formation (38%) and mortality (24%) [13]
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