Abstract
ABSTRACT New World alphaviruses of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) are endemic in North and South America, and infect humans and equine through mosquitoes. In addition, these viruses are highly infectious when aerosolized, making them potential biowarfare and bioterrorism agents. Currently, no approved vaccines or drugs are available for prevention and treatment. Extensive studies have been carried out to understand molecular mechanisms of virulence among New World alphaviruses. This review will focus on virus-encoded, interferon antagonizing proteins which play major role in determination of virulence of New World alphaviruses. Understanding of molecular mechanism of these proteins will shed light on development of broad-acting antivirals against New World alphaviruses.
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