Abstract
Transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurs through respiratory droplets passed directly from person to person or indirectly through fomites, such as common use surfaces or objects. The aim of this study was to determine the virucidal efficacy of blue LED (405 nm) and far-UVC (222 nm) light in comparison to standard UVC (254 nm) irradiation for the inactivation of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) on different matrices as a model for SARS-CoV-2. Wet or dried FIPV on stainless steel, plastic, or paper discs, in the presence or absence of artificial saliva, were exposed to various wavelengths of light for different time periods (1–90 min). Dual activity of blue LED and far-UVC lights were virucidal for most wet and dried FIPV within 4 to 16 min on all matrices. Individual action of blue LED and far-UVC lights were virucidal for wet FIPV but required longer irradiation times (8–90 min) to reach a 4-log reduction. In comparison, LED (265 nm) and germicidal UVC (254 nm) were virucidal on almost all matrices for both wet and dried FIPV within 1 min exposure. UVC was more effective for the disinfection of surfaces as compared to blue LED and far-UVC individually or together. However, dual action of blue LED and far-UVC was virucidal. This combination of lights could be used as a safer alternative to traditional UVC.
Highlights
In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) disseminated news about identification of a novel coronavirus associated with a cluster of 41 cases of viral pneumonia with 7 severe cases and 1 death in Wuhan, China [1]
To assess if there was a difference between LED UVC (265 nm) and standard mercury UVC lamps (254 nm) in inactivating feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus (FIPV), metal, plastic, and paper matrices inoculated with either wet or dried FIPV in the presence or absence of artificial saliva were exposed to a comparable intensity of light (1686 μW/cm2 for 265 nm and 1947 μW/cm2 for 254 nm) for 1-min
The work presented in this paper was performed with FIPV, which was used as a surrogate/model virus for SARS-CoV-2
Summary
In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) disseminated news about identification of a novel coronavirus associated with a cluster of 41 cases of viral pneumonia with 7 severe cases and 1 death in Wuhan, China [1]. Coronavirus infections have been associated with a variety of clinical outcomes among animals, ranging from mild respiratory or gastrointestinal diseases to fatal systemic diseases [6]. One example of the latter is feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) which is caused by FIP virus (FIPV), a virulent pathotype of feline coronavirus, an alphacoronavirus with worldwide distribution. The virus mutates within an individual cat, which leads to the transition from a self-limiting, subclinical, or mild gastrointestinal disease to a fatal systemic disease termed FIP [7]
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