Abstract
This paper presents the use of virtual level (VL) probes as an alternative image-based approach to investigate the interaction of waves with coastal structures in wave flume experiments. These probes are defined as regions of interest located at specific positions along the horizontal domain of the images, in which edge interfaces are detected and, thus, their vertical motions can be obtained. To demonstrate the use of the methodology, a critical condition of breaking waves interacting with a Cubipod homogeneous low-crested structure (HLCS) in a two-dimensional framework was selected. With the video recorded from the experiments, image calibration, processing, and analysis stages were implemented to analyze the performance of the HLCS in reducing wave elevations and to study the stability of the armor units. The present approach can be extended to a wide range of coastal structures applications where the interface detection between components of the scene is useful to observe the behavior of coastal structures, increasing effectiveness and alternatives to acquire precise data in 2D experimental tests.
Highlights
Laboratory wave flume experimentation is a widely used practice by scientists and engineers to understand the physical processes taking place in coastal environments.The spatial and the temporal variations of the water surface elevation are essential data observed in this field that remain mostly measured with traditional capacitance, conductive, and resistance wave gauges
This paper presents an image-based study of the interaction of waves with a coastal structure in wave flume experiments using the concept of virtual level (VL) sensors
The incident flows interacting with the Cubipod structure were trains of waves that broke just before or during the interaction
Summary
The spatial and the temporal variations of the water surface elevation are essential data observed in this field that remain mostly measured with traditional capacitance, conductive, and resistance wave gauges. Intrusive, spatially constrained, and inaccurate readings affected by entrapped air in the fluid are some of the disadvantages identified from the use of traditional wave probes to measure the water elevation in small-scale experiments [2,4]. Viriyakijja and Chinnarasri [4] presented the application of CCD video cameras with edge detection algorithms to measure the water surface elevation in the laboratory as an innovative, easy, low-cost, and accurate alternative method to the use of wave gauges. The image processing method was further extended to compute wave run-up characteristics and dynamic loads acting on the armor units of rubble mound breakwaters
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