Abstract
This study paper presents a comprehensive review of virtual inertia (VI)-based inverters in modern power systems. The transition from the synchronous generator (SG)-based conventional power generation to converter-based renewable energy sources (RES) deteriorates the frequency stability of the power system due to the intermittency of wind and photovoltaic (PV) generation. Unlike conventional power generation, the lack of rotational inertia becomes the main challenge to interface RES with the electrical grid via power electronic converters. In the past several years, researchers have addressed this issue by emulating the behavior of SG mathematically via pulse width modulation (PWM) controller linked to conventional inverter systems. These systems are technically known as VI-based inverters, which consist of virtual synchronous machine (VSM), virtual synchronous generator (VSG), and synchronverter. This paper provides an extensive insight into the latest development, application, challenges, and prospect of VI application, which is crucial for the transition to low-carbon power system.
Highlights
Over the last decades, global electricity demand has increased significantly [1]
The wind power system can be transformed into a grid-friendly wind turbine generator by integrating virtual inertia (VI)-based inverters [78]. It is applicable for both permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) machines to equip them with VI and fault-ride through capabilities
This paper presents a comprehensive review of VI-based inverters, including virtual synchronous machine (VSM), virtual synchronous generator (VSG) and, synchronverter
Summary
Global electricity demand has increased significantly [1]. To cater to these demands, many countries are utilizing environmentally friendly power generation such as solar photovoltaic (PV) energy and wind energy. Interaction responding inverter, the angle, RES is presented to and grid as a fast-dynamic system This quick interaction causes frequency, phase voltage amplitude instability [13]. As the amount of solar and wind energy generation increases, grid-connected RES requires VI emulation, of VI-related publication andgeneration research are increasing [22]. As theand amount solar and wind energy increases, grid-connected requires that compare inverters, namely virtual synchronous generator (VSG), virtual synchronous emulation, andVI-based VI-related publication and research are increasing [22]. As the RES machine (VSM) and synchronverter, concerning their technical implementations, merits, demerits, and penetration increases, this paper explores studies the potential of VI for every use inas thethe power applications.
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