Virtual Analysis for Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation

Abstract

Background Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are debilitating conditions affecting individuals worldwide annually, leading to physical, emotional, and cognitive challenges. Effective rehabilitation for SCI patients is crucial for restoring motor function and enhancing their overall quality of life. Advances in technology, including machine learning (ML) and computer vision, offer promising avenues for personalized SCI treatment. Aims This paper aimed to propose an automated and cost-effective system for spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation using machine learning techniques, leveraging data from the Toronto Rehab Pose dataset and Mediapipe for real-time tracking. Objective The objective is to develop a system that predicts rehabilitation outcomes for upper body movements, highlighting the transformative role of ML in personalized SCI treatment and offering tailored strategies for improved outcomes. Methods The proposed system utilized data from the Toronto Rehab Pose dataset and Mediapipe for real-time tracking. Machine learning models, including Support Vector Machines (SVM), Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, and XGBoost, were employed for outcome prediction. Features such as joint positions, angles, velocities, and accelerations were extracted from movement data to train the models. Results Statistical analysis revealed the ability of the system to accurately classify rehabilitation outcomes, with an average accuracy of 98.5%. XGBoost emerged as the top-performing algorithm, demonstrating superior accuracy and precision scores across all exercises. Conclusion This paper emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring and adjustment of rehabilitation plans based on real-time progress data, highlighting the dynamic nature of SCI rehabilitation and the need for adaptive treatment strategies. By predicting rehabilitation outcomes with high accuracy, the system enables clinicians to devise targeted interventions, optimizing the efficacy of the rehabilitation process.