Abstract

The polymerase enzyme from avian influenza A viruses does not function well in human cells. The protein ANP32A has been identified as the cellular factor mediating a major component of this host restriction. See Letter p.101 Wendy Barclay and colleagues identify a previously unknown factor underlying the restricted host range of influenza virus. They show that the host protein ANP32A acts a species barrier to the function of avian virus polymerase in mammalian cells. Crucially, the mutation E627K in viral protein PB2, which allows ANP32 family proteins to support the avian virus polymerase, is known to be associated with increased virulence of avian viruses in mammals.

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