Virgin olive oil ameliorates deltamethrin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice: A biochemical and immunohistochemical assessment.

Ali Reza Khalatbary,Davood Nasiry Zarrin Ghabaee,Abbasali Karimpour Malekshah,Azam Navazesh,Hassan Ahmadvand

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.07.004

Ali Reza Khalatbary, Davood Nasiry Zarrin Ghabaee + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.07.004

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Abstract

ObjectiveA major class of synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, deltamethrin (DM), can elicit pathophysiological effects through oxidative stress in non-targeted organisms such as mammals. There is accumulating evidence that virgin olive oil (VOO), a rich source of polyphenolic components, have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. This study aimed to determine the protective and ameliorative effects of VOO against DM-induced nephrotoxicity.Methods & materialsMice were randomly divided into four equal groups: DM group, DM plus VOO group, VOO group, and vehicle group. Five weeks after gavaging, kidney samples were taken for biochemical assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT), and for immunohistochemical assessment of caspase-3, cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).ResultsThe MDA level in kidney was increased in the DM group, which was significantly decreased after VOO administration in the DM plus VOO group. The GSH level and CAT activiy in kidney were decreased in the DM group, which were significantly increased after VOO administration in the DM plus VOO group. Greater expression of caspase-3, cox-2, and PARP could be detected in the DM group, which was significantly attenuated in the DM plus VOO group. Also, the histopathological changes which were detected in the DM group attenuated after VOO consumption.ConclusionVirgin olive oil exerted protective effects against deltamethrin-induced nephrotoxicity, which might be associated with its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative properties.

Highlights

Safe insecticides, pyrethroids, have been classified as type I or type II based upon their chemical structure and clinical manifestations of acute exposure [1]
Administration of deltamethrin in the DM group produced a significant elevation (p < 0.05) in lipid peroxidation level compared to other groups
We found significantly (p < 0.05) increased the GSH levels in DM plus virgin olive oil (VOO) group compared to DM group, while the differences between DM plus VOO, vehicle, and VOO were not significant (p > 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Safe insecticides, pyrethroids, have been classified as type I or type II based upon their chemical structure and clinical manifestations of acute exposure [1]. Deltamethrin is a type II synthetic pyrethroid insecticide with relatively low mammalian toxicity which is used worldwide as a major class of insecticides in agriculture [2]. In spite of its rapid metabolism and low toxicity, numerous studies documented that chronic exposure to deltamethrin have some of side effects in non-targeted organisms, including neurotoxicity [4], genotoxicity [5], haemolysis [6], reproductive damages [7], pulmonary disor-. Olive oil consumption increases total plasma antioxidant activity [18]. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of virgin olive oil consumption against deltamethrin induced-nephrotoxicity

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