Abstract
Viral Genetic Evolution in Host Cells Supports Tumorigenesis
Highlights
Viruses are considered the smallest organisms and known to bemetabolically inert out of a host cell but become active when they integrate and infect a host cell in order to reproduce
The role of viruses in cancers has undergone several experimental analyses over the years and recent evidence shows that at least 6 viruses contribute to human malignancies and they include but not limited to: human papilloma virus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Kaposi’s associated sarcoma virus (KSHV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) [3]
These viruses contribute to about 10 to 15% of worldwide cancers with about 1.3 million fatalities occurring annually [4]. These human tumor viruses differ in the content of their genetic material with some identified as DNA related viruses (EBV, HPV, HBV, KSHV) while the others are RNA related viruses (HTLV1 and HCV)
Summary
Submission: March 01, 2017; Published: March 23, 2017 *Corresponding author: Daniel A Achinko, University City Science Center, PepVax, Inc.10411 Motor City Drive Bethesda, MD 20817, Immage Biotherapeutics Corp, 3711 Market St. 8th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA, Email: Abstract. Viruses are different in the type of genetic material they carry but what makes them common to severe disease situations could be their ability to integrate host genome, exploiting the host transcription and translation factors to drive their replication and encapsulation of genetic information for delivery out of the cell. The variation of these viruses in different cancer types and their evolutionary history with specificity to immune target cells could be of therapeutic importance if these mechanisms are well understood
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