Violating bodily boundaries

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to examine experiences and consequences of sexual violence for trans women, drawing on existing literature, and the findings of the Crossing the Line Study, a mixed method project involving in-depth interviews and photovoice, analysed feminist intersectionality theory. International research indicates that trans people experience a significantly increased risk of sexual violence, which includes both sexual harassment and sexual assault, compared to the cisgender population. In the Crossing the Line Study, all participants described experiencing frequent sexual harassment following gender transitioning or affirmation, manifested by hostile public staring and verbal abuse, including deliberate misgendering, public mockery, and threats of physical or sexual assault. Reports of racism combined with sexism, transphobia, and homophobia demonstrate the intersection of gender, sexuality, and cultural identity in trans women’s experiences of verbal harassment. Many women interpreted sexual assault as a reflection of the fetishisation of trans women, which served to legitimate objectification and sexual assault. There needs to be recognition of the specific needs and experiences of trans people, as well as education and training about gender and diversity, to prevent sexual violence occurring. These measures must be accompanied by supportive legislation and policy to address sexual violence experienced by trans people, in order to provide protection and support.