Abstract
A new strain belonging to the genus Collimonas was isolated from the sea surface microlayer off the coast of Trøndelag, Norway. The bacterium, designated Collimonas CT, produced an antibacterial compound active against Micrococcus luteus. Subsequent studies using LC-MS identified this antibacterial compound as violacein, known to be produced by several marine-derived bacteria. Fragments of the violacein biosynthesis genes vioA and vioB were amplified by PCR from the Collimonas CT genome and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences demonstrated close relatedness of the Collimonas CT violacein biosynthetic gene cluster to those in Janthinobacterium lividum and Duganella sp., suggesting relatively recent horizontal gene transfer. Considering diverse biological activities of violacein, Collimonas CT shall be further studied as a potential producer of this compound.
Highlights
The genus Collimonas was described for the first time in 2004 [1]
Violacein is produced by several bacterial species, including the Gram-negative species Chromobacterium violaceum, Janthinobacterium lividum, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Ps. sp 520P1 and Ps. sp. 710P1 [7,8,9]
Four bacteria producing a blue pigment were isolated from the sea surface microlayer at the coast of Trøndelag, Norway
Summary
The genus Collimonas was described for the first time in 2004 [1]. These bacteria were isolated from slightly acidic dune soils in the Netherlands, and are strictly aerobic, Gram-negative rods. Violacein is produced by several bacterial species, including the Gram-negative species Chromobacterium violaceum, Janthinobacterium lividum, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Ps. sp 520P1 and Ps. sp. B2 was submitted to GenBank [10] These strains have been isolated from water and soil in tropical and subtropical regions, rivers, lakes and springs and from seawater at a depth of 320 m outside Japan. The gene cluster for violacein biosynthesis has been sequenced from several of the violacein producers, including Ch. violaceum and environmental DNA [11,12]. A fifth gene (vioE) has later been described as being essential for violacein biosynthesis [13]
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