Abstract
Vine in the Slovene Kras (Karst) region is unique due to the specific geologic, climatic, geomorphologic and soil conditions. Small sized villages with low number of inhabitants are typical for the area as well as fragmented land units. The percentage of the active population in agricultural sector is continuously decreasing. With the land use data for years 1961, 1994 and 2000 we studied the changes in land use by land register units in the area.Abandonment of arable land and its grass overgrowing, insufficient vineyard renewal, abandonment of cattle breeding and forest overgrowing are the biggest threats to the vine growth in the area. Due to forest overgrowing the local wind called "burja" is weaker and less frequent which leads to higher relative air moisture. The last mentioned fact is of the most important ones, because the local vine is very sensitive to high air moisture conditions which cause different kinds of plant diseases. The renewal of the vineyards in the Karst area is insufficient to maintain the present situation. In the last few years local farmers have been trying to protect the local wine called "Teran" as a regional specialty.
Highlights
Kras is an area between Vipava valley and Trieste bay
Teran should be a sort of wine, made out of Refošk vine which grows in Kras wine district, on a specific parent material and soil and unique climate
The plant which is known as "a plant of the Sun" has in the research area so specific natural environment that the vine sort Refošk gives a special type of wine called Teran
Summary
Kras is an area between Vipava valley and Trieste bay. In literature this part of Slovenia has different synonyms: Kras, Sežana Kras, Komen Kras or even Trieste Kras. The values of annual quasi global insolation show the sub Mediterranean climate (Fig. 2) According to the exposition the sunny south eastern, south western and southern slopes prevail together with the flat areas – this is all favourable for the vine growth (MRAK, 1997). Some bio climatic indicators have shown that the research area is highly suitable for vine growing (Tab. 2) (MRAK, 1997). Land register units with the largest areas of vineyards were Dutovlje, Tomaj, Križ, Avber, Komen, Kobdilj and Utovlje. Between years 1961 and 1994 the increase in vineyard areas can be noticed in land register units of Sežana, Kobdilj, Kopriva and Kostanjevica na Krasu. Noticeable positive changes can be found in land register units with the best conditions for vine growth (Dutovlje, Križ, Tomaj and Pliskovica), while negative trends were spotted in Gorjansko, Kobdilj and Komen.
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