VIKTORIAN ERA AND THE “CRITICAL” REALISATION

Abstract

This paper provides an explanation of the term "Victorian" that was created shortly after the First World War. This term has remained in daily use and implies Victorianism in its entirety as a kind of period of domination of "micro-bourgeoisie”. The Industrial Revolution brought and consolidated the factory system and the new capitalist class of society, industrialists, on the one hand, and the working class, on the other hand, which became the two dominant classes of society in sharp contrast to one another. These new features gave British society the stamp that until then had been a bourgeous-aristocratic hybrid society. For such a bourgeous society, at the peak of its development has been characteristic and rapid development of science and technology, which has greatly influenced the formation of a new social ideology. Regarding this, Darwin's biological research results had a greater impact on it. Throughout this period, there were also reactions to different intelligence views. Some aspects of these reactions have exerted ideological influence on literature. For such society, the rapid development of science and technology was characteristic of its development, which has also influenced the formation of a new social ideology. Overall, we can say that "Victorianism" is an ideological complex issue of English Bourgeoisie, in the era when England reached the highest points of its power. In addition to the aristocracy and the old commercial and financial bourgeoisie, intelligence and intellectuals were present. The Victorian period was an era of paradoxes. It was an era of religion and against religion, an era of progress and optimism, and an era of poverty and pessimism, an era of "male rule" but also an era of emancipation of women. In addition to these paradoxes, it was also a "par excellence" era of the novel.