Vigilancia epidemiológica de la sífilis en la ciudad de Valencia. Impacto y evolución del período 2003-2014

Abstract

In Spain syphilis shows an increasing trend from last decade and multiple papers reported an increasing of exposed population.Our aim was to describe the evolution of the incident of the syphilis in the geographical frame of the city of Valencia, to identify the characteristics and practices of risk of the affected ones.A classic design of vigilance of public health was applied, longitudinal retrospective study. Geographical area: the city of Valencia. Period: January 2003-December 2014. Variables: age and sex, national origin, dates of access to the sanitary system, date of diagnosis, clinical forms of presentation, conducts of risk, and practices of risk.The annual impact of the disease evolved from 2.4 × 105 in 2004 up to 14.5 × 105 in 2014. Males (82.96%) masculinity rate: 4.8. Major specific incidence took places on age-groups 35-39 years with 16.49 × 105 and 40-44 years with 16.98 × 105. The difference between women stands out according to origin: middle ages in autochthonous (39.72 years) opposite to foreigners (32.91 years); P = .004. The primary forms were 5 times more probable in males. The major factor of risk was to have multiple couples (54.89%), man-to-man homo or bisexuals reaches 90.0% of it. The HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection was 29.07% in males and 4.35% in women. Precedent of multiple couple relations would not be a minor of 42 times more likely among the homosexual population with syphilis.Major determinant of risk were the relations with multiple pairs and the prevention will have to be focused to the group of men who practice sex with men.