Views on the social aspects of the emergence of martial arts as the basis of the development of combat sports - the basis of students’ special physical training for self-defense

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The subject of this work is specific aspects of the formation of the psychological, intellectual, and physical readiness of a civilian for adversity and adequate actions in risk situations in the context of systematic preparation for self-defense. The purpose of the study was to clarify the views of the authors on the peculiarities of the development of martial arts and the adaptation of their elements into the system of combat sports as part of special physical training for self-defense. The content of the work complements the range of views on the conditions and content of physical training of students in the process of studying the educational discipline "basics of self-defense" and objectively draws attention to the topic of the origin and development of martial arts as the basis for an in-depth study of the forms, methods and means of self-defense and the creation of motivational components for mastering their wide spectrum of possibilities. The article presents the historical stages of the birth of martial arts as a social necessity to maintain military affairs at a high level.
 The work substantiates the relevance of studies of students’ training in the formation of readiness for self-defense in moments of rapid emergence of negative problems associated with an extreme situation, the need for active defense against criminal actions. The views of the authors of scientific and pedagogical literature on the sociological features of the emergence of martial arts, the implementation of their methodical foundations in the context of training for combat sports and, as a result, special physical training for self-defense, are considered. The outline of the essence of the scientific novelty of the research is to direct attention to the study of social and historical prerequisites for the emergence of existing methods of self-defense and the vision of their deterministic options for development in the conditions of martial law. The conclusions emphasize the need to introduce aspects of the study of the causes and consequences of the emergence of certain forms, methods and means of ensuring special personal safety in terms of active physical defense into the educational material "the basis of self-defense".