“VIENNESE” CREATIVE PERIOD IN THE EUSEBIUS MANDYCZEWSKI’S BIOGRAPHY

Abstract

The article presents the genesis of the Mandyczewski family based on extensive source material; the factors of Eusebius Mandyczewski’s formation as a musician, conductor, and composer are characterized. Attention is focused on the significant influence on his professional development of the well-known church history teacher of Chernivtsi University Eusebius Popovych, music teacher Sydor Vorobkevych, and violin teacher Adalbert Hrimaly. The features of the talent of the future musician in his youth are revealed (he created 82 compositions between the ages of 14 and 17). Emphasis is placed on a significant event – receiving a scholarship at the competition of young talents in Leipzig, which was a significant financial support for his further studies at the University of Vienna. The “Viennese” period of E. Mandyczewski’s creativity, which lasted 54 years, is characterized. In Vienna, he studied German studies, philosophy, literature, art history, musical disciplines; his teachers were music critic Eduard Hanslick, musicologist Martin Gustav Notteb, composer Robert Fuchs. E. Mandyczewski’s professional growth was connected with activities at the Vienna Academy of Music, the Vienna Conservatory; he was the conductor of various choirs and orchestras, archivist and bibliographer of the Viennese “Society of Friends of Music” - one of the significant centers of European musical life.
 It was found that during many years of teaching activity, the Maestro trained a whole galaxy of composers, musicologists, teachers, most of whom became stars of the musical world of Austria, Italy, England, America... Among his students are Hans Gall, Karl Behm, Hilarion Verenko, Manolis Calomiris, George Sell, Leone Sinigaglia, Karel Prochazka (senior), Marcian Negria, Joseph Alois Krieps, Julius Patzak, Ferdinand Rebay, Rosario Scalero, Gustav Uwe Yenner, and Arthur Schnabel, Karl Garinger, Ignaz Brühl, Henry Kimball Hadlita, and others. The Austrian press deservedly called the honorary citizen of Vienna E. Mandyczewski “a living musical encyclopedia”. As a theoretician, he wrote many scientific studies on the work of W. Mozart, L. Beethoven, L. Bach, K. Czerny, A. Bruckner, Strauss, etc., compiled a complete edition of the works of J. Haydn, F. Schubert (in 42 volumes), J. Brahms (in 26 volumes). It is emphasized that E. Mandyczewski is the author of 11 Ukrainian choirs, the canon for three voices “And the day goes, and the night goes...” (to the words by T. Shevchenko), music to the lyrics by Yu. Fedkovich “Wake up, Boian!”, “Kobzar’s dawn” etc., vocal works written to the texts of Serbian, Hungarian, Ukrainian, Moldovan folk songs, author’s works written to the texts by Romanian and Moldovan poets M. Eminescu, H. Koshbuk, V. Aleksandr, O. Vlahutse, etc. Research attention is focused on the authorship of vocal works of a secular and spiritual nature, among which the most significant are: “Greek Mass” for solo, choir and orchestra, the cycle “Tuscan Songs”, church works – 12 liturgies, “Cherub” for mixed choir, “Our Father” for two children’s voices, carol “Silent night, holy night”, psalms, etc.
 On the basis of primary factual sources, the influence of E. Mandyczewski on the development of musical culture and education in Bukovyna is characterized.