Video versus Traditional Teaching Strategy for Enhancing Intramuscular Injection Skills among College of Nursing Students in Kuwait: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to assess the performance and compare the effectiveness of intramuscular injection skills of nursing students utilizing two different teaching strategies –traditional (with the use of performance checklist only) versus video (together with the performance checklist).
 Methodology: A quasi-experimental research design was used. The sample was divided into two groups - control group, 28 female nursing students and experimental group, 27 male nursing students. Socio-demographic data sheet and an observational checklist were used to collect pertinent data.. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests, such as the independent t-test between the experimental and control group, regarding the preparation and injection of medication. P value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant. 
 Findings: Most of the experimental and control group subjects are non-Kuwaitis. In medication preparation, the experimental group showed higher scores in the following steps: mixing solution; withdrawing prescribed amount of medication. The control group, on the other hand, scored higher in the following steps: removing needle cap, withdrawing into syringe amount of air equal to volume of medication to be withdrawn; carefully inserting needle into upright vial; and withdrawing prescribed amount of medication. In medication administration, the control group obtained higher scores in putting on clean gloves and applying gentle pressure at the site. The experimental group had higher score only in putting on clean gloves. A highly significant positive correlation was found between medication preparation and injection of medication and socio-demographic parameters of age and nationality (p= 0.008, p= 0.007) respectively. There is no statistically significant correlation detected between control and experimental group in relation to injection of the medication. 
 Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: The results of this study indicated that while traditional and video-assisted teaching are equally effective, there is no substitute for clinical demonstration.